Pentium D
Posted by Harisinh | Posted in | Posted on 4:33 AM
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The Pentium D is a series of microprocessors that was introduced by Intel at the spring 2005 Intel Developer Forum. A 9xx-series Pentium D package contains two Pentium 4 dies, unlike other multi-core processors (including the Pentium D 8xx-series) that place both cores on a single die. The Pentium D was the first announced multi-core CPU (along with its more expensive twin, the Pentium Extreme Edition) from any manufacturer intended for desktop computers. Intel underscored the significance of this introduction by predicting that by the end of 2006 over 70% of its shipping desktop CPUs would be multi-core.
Historically, processor manufacturers have responded to the demand for more processing power primarily by delivering faster processor speeds. However, the challenge of managing power and cooling requirements for today’s powerful processors has prompted a reevaluation of this approach to processor design. With heat rising incrementally faster than the rate at which signals move through the processor, known as clock speed, an increase in performance can create an even larger increase in heat. The answer is multi-core microprocessor.
For example, by moving from a single high-speed core, which generates a corresponding increase in heat, to multiple slower cores, which produce a corresponding reduction in heat, enterprises can potentially improve application performance while reducing their thermal output. A multi-core microprocessor is one which combines two or more independent processors into a single package, often a single integrated circuit (IC); to be more specific it has more than one execution unit with in a single integrated circuit.
A dual-core device contains only two independent microprocessor execution units, as shown in the figure below. In general, multi-core microprocessors allow a computing device to exhibit some form of thread-level parallelism (TLP) without including multiple microprocessors in separate physical packages. This form of TLP is often known as chip-level multiprocessing, or CMP. The Pentium D 820 runs in at 2.8GHz, is dual-core, its highlights are; it features two 16KB data caches in ddition to data cache, each core includes an Execution Trace Cache that stores up to 12 K decoded micro-ops in the order of program execution, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3(SSE3) significantly accelerates performance of digital media applications and includes additional integer and cache ability instructions that may improve other aspects of performance, Execute Disable Bit feature combined with a supported operating system, allows memory to be marked as executable and nonexecutable and if code attempts to run in non-executable memory the processor raises an error to the operating system, it also has internal performance counters for performance monitoring and event counting and it also includes a thermal monitor feature that allows motherboards to be more cost effective. Analysts have speculated that the clock rate race between Intel and AMD is largely over, with no more exponential gains in clock rate likely. Instead, as long as Moore's Law holds true, it is expected that the increasing number of transistors that chipmakers can incorporate into their CPUs will be used to increase CPU throughput through other methods, such as adding cores.
Pentium D Microprocessor
The Pentium D is a series of microprocessors that was introduced by Intel at the spring 2005 Intel Developer Forum. A 9xx-series Pentium D package contains two Pentium 4 dies, unlike other multi-core processors (including the Pentium D 8xx-series) that place both cores on a single die. The Pentium D was the first announced multi-core CPU (along with its more expensive twin, the Pentium Extreme Edition) from any manufacturer intended for desktop computers. Intel underscored the significance of this introduction by predicting that by the end of 2006 over 70% of its shipping desktop CPUs would be multi-core.
Historically, processor manufacturers have responded to the demand for more processing power primarily by delivering faster processor speeds. However, the challenge of managing power and cooling requirements for today’s powerful processors has prompted a reevaluation of this approach to processor design. With heat rising incrementally faster than the rate at which signals move through the processor, known as clock speed, an increase in performance can create an even larger increase in heat. The answer is multi-core microprocessor.
For example, by moving from a single high-speed core, which generates a corresponding increase in heat, to multiple slower cores, which produce a corresponding reduction in heat, enterprises can potentially improve application performance while reducing their thermal output. A multi-core microprocessor is one which combines two or more independent processors into a single package, often a single integrated circuit (IC); to be more specific it has more than one execution unit with in a single integrated circuit.
A dual-core device contains only two independent microprocessor execution units, as shown in the figure below. In general, multi-core microprocessors allow a computing device to exhibit some form of thread-level parallelism (TLP) without including multiple microprocessors in separate physical packages. This form of TLP is often known as chip-level multiprocessing, or CMP. The Pentium D 820 runs in at 2.8GHz, is dual-core, its highlights are; it features two 16KB data caches in ddition to data cache, each core includes an Execution Trace Cache that stores up to 12 K decoded micro-ops in the order of program execution, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3(SSE3) significantly accelerates performance of digital media applications and includes additional integer and cache ability instructions that may improve other aspects of performance, Execute Disable Bit feature combined with a supported operating system, allows memory to be marked as executable and nonexecutable and if code attempts to run in non-executable memory the processor raises an error to the operating system, it also has internal performance counters for performance monitoring and event counting and it also includes a thermal monitor feature that allows motherboards to be more cost effective. Analysts have speculated that the clock rate race between Intel and AMD is largely over, with no more exponential gains in clock rate likely. Instead, as long as Moore's Law holds true, it is expected that the increasing number of transistors that chipmakers can incorporate into their CPUs will be used to increase CPU throughput through other methods, such as adding cores.
Pentium D Microprocessor
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